- Electrolytic capacitor lifetime storage
- Electrolytic capacitor lifetime curve
- Electrolytic capacitor lifetime cost
Because of this supply voltage,
the electrons start flowing from negative terminal of the
battery and reach the right side plate. After reaching right
side plate, the electrons experience strong opposition from
dielectric material because dielectric material is poor
conductor of electricity. As a result, a large number of electrons are
trapped at the right side plate capacitor. However, these large
numbers of electrons exerts force or electric field towards the
left side plate. Therefore, electrons at the left side plate
experience a repulsive force from excess electrons at right side
plate. As a result, electrons move away from left side plate and
attracted towards the positive terminal of the battery. Therefore, the right side plate becomes more
negatively charged (negative charge is build) because of the
gaining of excess electrons. On the other hand, the left side
plate becomes more positively charged (positive charge is build)
because of the loss of electrons. As a result, voltage is
established between the plates.
Electrolytic capacitor lifetime storage
Operating conditions directly affect the life of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor. The ambient temperature has the largest effect on life. The relationship between life and temperature follows a chemical reaction formula called Arrhenius' Law of Chemical Activity. Simply put, the law says that life of a capacitor doubles for every 10 degree Celsius decrease in temperature (within limits). Voltage derating also increases the life of a capacitor, but to a far lesser extent, as compared to temperature deratings. Internal heating, caused by the applied ripple current, reduces the projected life of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor. The relationship between capacitor life and the operating conditions can be calculated by the following equations:
Electrolytic capacitor lifetime curve
Switching and rectification processes on the input and output stages of the supply generate ripple currents. These cause power dissipation within the electrolytic capacitor. The magnitude and frequency of these ripple currents depend on the topology designed into active Power Factor Correction (PFC), where used. They also depend on the main converter power stage, both of these vary from design to design. The power dissipated within the capacitor is determined by the RMS ripple current and the capacitor ESR at the applied frequency. The temperature rise at the component core relates to the power dissipated, the radiation factor of the component package and the temperature difference factor or slope from the core to the case. These values are determined by the component manufacturer. The maximum ripple current that may be applied to the capacitor is usually specified at maximum ambient temperature and 100/120 Hz. Multiplication factors can be applied, depending on the ambient temperature in actual use and the frequency of the applied ripple current: ESR decreases as frequency increases.
The magnitude & frequency of these ripple currents depend on the topology adopted in the design of active Power Factor Correction (PFC), where used, and the main converter power stage and these vary from design to design. The power dissipated within the capacitor is determined by the RMS ripple current and the capacitor ESR at the applied frequency. The temperature rise at the component core is determined by the power dissipated, the radiation factor of the component package and the temperature difference factor or slope from the core to the case as determined by the component manufacturer. The maximum ripple current that may be applied to the capacitor is usually specified at maximum ambient temperature and 100/120 Hz. Multiplication factors can be applied depending upon the ambient temperature in actual use and the frequency of the applied ripple current with ESR decreasing as frequency increases. Power Supply Lifetime
These factors are all taken into account by the power supply designer and power supply manufacturers apply design de-rating rules to ensure that product lifetime is adequate.
Electrolytic capacitor lifetime cost
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